Plow.



No. 785,474. PATENTED MAR. 21, 1905. D. G. BURKHART.

PLOW. APPLIOATION FILED JULY 16,1904.

IIII

UNIT D STATES- Patented March 21, 1905.

DANIEL G. BURKHART, OF DAYTON, WASHINGTON.

PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 785,474, dated March21, 1905.

Application filed July 16,1904. Serial No. 216,846.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL G. BURKHART, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Dayton, in the county of Columbia and State ofWashington, have invented a new and Improved Plow, of which thefollowing is a .full, clear, and exact description.

The purpose of my invention is to provide novel details of constructionfor a plow that adapt it for convenient and effective service as ahillside-plow by aflording means for quickly changing the moldboa'rd andplowshare from one side of the plow-beam to the opposite side of thesame, so that by turning the team and the plow around the plow willoperate to turn the furrow over upon the one last plowed and obviatingthe necessity of plowing arounda portion of the inclined land, as isrequired by an ordinary plow used in hillside-plowing.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide the beam with an eveneron which the pivoted shank of the share has hearing, which hearing hasadjustment in direction of either end of the plow-beam, that portion ofthe evener receiving the shank of the plowshare being so beveled that asthe evener is adjusted it automatically adjusts the plowshare to work toor from the land that is to say, changes the angularity of the share ina horizontal direction with reference to the plowbeam-the said eveneralso serving to hold the plowshare in its adjusted position.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outin the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved plow. Fig. 2 is a plan viewof the same, the handles being in section. Fig. 3 is a plan view of theevener, the fastening-bolts and the king-bolt being in section, and 'itis likewise a plan view of the standard for the plowshare, a portion ofthe plow-beam appearing in dotted lines. Fig. 4L is a partial sideelevation of the plow-beam drawn upon an enlarged scale and a sideelevation of the wear-plate for the beam, a side elevation of theevener, and a perspective view of the upper portion of the standard forthe share, the said view illustrating the position of said partsrelative'to each other. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the plowshareand its shank viewed from the rear, and Fig. 6 is a vertical sectionthrough the plowshare and its shank.

The plow-beam A may be made of wood or metal and have the form andproportions indicated or maybe changed therefrom if found advantageous.A draft device 10 is located at the forward end of the beam A, and atthe rear end of the latter the usual handles 11 are attached andsuitably braced. A king-bolt 12 is passed vertically through the beam ata point between its center and rear end adapted to constitute a pivotalsupport for the plowshare B through the medium of its shank B, and ateach side of the king-bolt 12, at equal distances therefrom, combinedadjusting and fastening bolts 13 and 14 are respectively located, havingoperative relation with respect to the shank of the plowshare B tochange its angularity with respect to the beam A.

With reference to the plowshare B it consists of a wide blade 15,tapered at its side edges toward a rear central point, producing at itsworking edges two opposing points 6 and b. The blade 15 is likewiseupwardly and rearwardly curved to meeta correspondinglycurved moldboard16, the blade and moldhoard being secured together in any suitablemanner. The moldboard is narrower than the blade 15 and is curved atits, upper edge portion.

The bottom of the plowshare is madeflat and solid by securing to theunder face of the blade 15 a plate 19 of sheet metal, which istriangular in shape and extends to the rear of the moldboard 16 and theblade 15 and is secured to an angular or correspondingly shaped marginalframe 20, and at that portion of the frame 20 where its members connecta socket 21 is formed. This flat angular rearwardlyextending bottom ofthe plowshare prevents dirt from coming up at the rear of the moldboardto clog the latter in its action.

The shank B for the plowshare is substantially inverted-U shape, havingan upper flat member 17 in which at its center an opening 18 is made,and through this opening the lower portion of the king-bolt 12 ispassed. The members of the shank B are attached to the rear of themoldboard by brackets b and are secured at their lower ends to the frame20 at each side of the socket 21, as is shown in Fig. 5. The object ofthe special construc tion of the moldboard 16 is to provide a cleancutand nicely-rounded furrow and to afford ample capacity for turning overthe earth.

It will be observed that this plow has only one share or blade 15, andthe moldboard being at an angle to the bottom of the plowshare when inposition is held by the pressure of the soil as it strikes themoldboard. A further feature of this plowshare is the simple manner inwhich it is reversed.

In reversing the plowshare the operator will bear down on the handles,resting the blade 15 at the outer point Z), for example, at the sametime elevating the corresponding or opposite point I), and when this isaccomplished the plow is pulled to the rear, whereupon it will reverseitself, the king-bolt 12 serving as the pivot. In order that the shank Bof the plowshare shall not unduly wear the plow-beam A,especially whenthe beam is of wood, a wearplate 22 is secured upon the bottom portionof the said beam, usually through the medium of side flanges 23,suitably bolted to the beam, and the king-bolt 12 passes through thecenter of the wear-plate. I desire it to be understood, however, thatthe side flanges 23 may be omitted and that any form of wear-plate maybe employed.

The evener C is made of metal and is located at the bottom portion ofthe said plow-beam, the king-bolt 12 being made to pass through thelongitudinal slot 24, produced at or near its central portion. In thedetails of its construction the evener consists of adownwardlyextendingcentral yoke 0 and end flange members 0, which extend from the upperterminal portions of the central section 0. The flange members 0 areeach provided with a longitudinal slot 25, and the combined adjustingand attaching bolts 13 and 14 are passed at their lower ends through thesaid slots 25, and by means of suitable nuts these bolts 13 and 14 canbe made to hold the evener C in the position to which it may beadjusted, or by loosening the bolts 13 and 14 the evenerO can be movedendwise along the bottom in direction of either end.

In the construction of the central yoke member c of the evener twoopposing inclined planes 26 and 26 are produced at the side edgesthereof, extending from one end to the center or about to the center,this part being narrowest at the central portion of the evener, and thisyoke member of said evener is further provided with two other sideinclined planes 27 and 27 likewise reversely formed, extending from thecenter of the evener to the opposite end of the said yoke member, theside lines converging as the'said end is reached. This latterportionnamely, that bounded at its sides by the inclined planes 27 and27 -is widest at the central portion of the yoke member, as is clearlyshown in Fig. 3.

In assembling the parts before the evener is secured to the bottom it ispassed beneath the upper member 17 of the shank B of the plowshare, andif the plowshare is to occupy a normal position in direction of eitherside of the beamnamely, the position indicated in Fig. 2, wherein theinner point is below the longitudinal center of the beamthe king-boltwill pass through the central portion of the yoke member 0 of the evenerand the adjustingbolts 13 and 14 will be at the forward end portions ofthe slots 25 in the flanges 0 of the evener, as is shown in Fig. 3,whereupon when the plowshare is turned the upper member 17 of its shankwill occupy the diagonal position shown in Fig. 3, engaging with the endportions of said yoke member a, and the said shank can then turn to theright or to the left, as may be required.

If it is desired to cause the inner point, or that which is below thebeam, to be carried inward or outward in order to make the plow worktoward or from the land, such adjustment is automatically accomplishedby loosening the bolts 13 and 14 and then moving the evener O endwise indirection of either end of the beam, as may be required, whereupon oneor the other of the inclined planes or edges described with relation tothe yoke member 0 of the evener will so act on the vertical members ofthe shank B as to render the position of the said shank with relation tothe beam A more or less obtuse, and the engaging beveled edges willserve to hold the shank B and the attached plow in the adjusted positionas soon as the bolts 13 and 14 are made fast, and the plow will keepsuch position relative to the beam no matter whether it is shifted tothe right orto the left.

A brace 28 is attached to the lower rear end portion of the beam A, andthis brace, as is shown in Fig. 6, has a vertical lower terminal 29,which is mounted to turn in the socket 21 of the plowshare marginalframe 20. A stirrup 30 is secured to this brace 28, extending diagonallydownward and rearward therefrom, and the lower portion of this stirrupserves to support a shoe 31, which travels on the ground at the rear ofthe share and limits the depth to which the share shall enter theground, and in order that this shoe may offer the least possibleresistance it has a flat bottom and upwardly turned ends. The said shoealways occupies a position central with respect to the longitudinal axisof the plowbeam. Thus it will be observed that the plowshare turns ontwo pointsnamely, the kingbolt 12 and the lower terminal 29 of the brace28.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. In a plow, a beam, an evener adjustable upon thebeam, a plowshare, an inverted-U shank for the said share, the verticalmembers whereof engage with the evener at its sides and the horizontalportion of the shank with the top of the evener, and a king-bolt havingpivotal relation to the said shank, the evener being adjustable on theking-bolt.

2. In a plow, a beam, an evener adjustable upon the beam, a plowshare,an inverted-U shank therefor, the vertical members of which shank engagewith the side edges of the evener and the top of the shank with theupper portion of the evener, a king-bolt having pivotal relation withrespect to the said shank, means for adjusting the evener, and aplowshare including a moldboard, carried by the lower portion of thesaid shank, the blade of the said share having diverging points at theextremities of its cutting edge, whereby the said share can be readilyreversed while the plow is in action.

3. In a plow, a beam, an evener adjustable upon the beam, the saidevener being provided with a central yoke-section having two sets ofinclined planes at its side edges, each set of inclined planesconverging in direction of the same end of the said yoke, an inverted Ushank, the vertical members whereof engage with the inclined planes ofthe said yoke, the top of the shank engaging with the upper portion ofthe yoke, a king-bolt passed loosely through the upper portion of theshank and through the slot in the yoke of the evener, fastening devicesfor the evener, and a plowshare and moldboard carried by the said shank,the blade of the plowshare having oppositelyeXtending terminal ends atits cutting edge, whereby to turn the share from one side of the beam tothe other while the plow is in action.

4:. In a plow, a beam, an evener adjustable upon the beam, the saidevener being provided with a central yoke-section having two sets ofinclined planes at its side edges, each set of inclined planesconverging in direction of the same end of the said yoke, an inverted Ushank, the vertical members whereof engage with the inclined planes ofthe said yoke, the top of the shank engaging with the upper portion ofthe yoke, a king-bolt passed loosely through the upper portion of theshank and through the slot in the yoke of the evener, fastening devicesfor the evener, a plowshare and moldboard carried by the said shank, theblade of the plowshare having oppositely-extending terminal ends at itscutting edge whereby to turn the share from one side of the beam to theother while the plow is in action, a brace attached to the rear portionof the beam and having pivotal connection with the rear portion of theplowshare, and a shoe located at the rear of the said share, supportedby the said brace.

5. A plow-beam, a plowshare, a U-shank connected with the plowshare, aking-bolt pivoting the said shank to the beam, and an evener over whichthe upper portion of the shank passes, the said evener being providedwith oppositely-inclined side edges with which the vertical members ofthe shank engage, so that the angle of inclination of the share may bechanged relative to the beam as the evener is adjusted in direction ofeither end of the beam.

6. Ina plow, a beam, an evener having a central downwardlyextendingyoke-section provided with doubleinclined planes at its side edges,converging in direction of the same end of the yoke-section, and endflange-sec tions, the yoke-section being provided with a longitudinalslot and each flange likewise with a longitudinal slot, bolts passedthrough the said beam and the slots in the flange-sections of theevener, a plowshare, an inverted-U- shaped shank connected with theplowshare, the upper bow portion of which engages with the upper face ofthe yoke-section of the evener, the vertical members of the said shankengaging with the inclined planes of the said yoke-section of theevener, a brace attached to the rear of the beamand pivotally connectedwith the rear of the share, and a king-bolt loosely passed through thebeam and an open ing in the upper portion of the said shank and throughthe slot in the yoke-section of the evener, as set forth.

7. In a plow, a share comprising a wide outting-blade havingrearwardly-inclined cutting edges and an upwardly and rearwardly turnedrear portion, a moldboard having a corresponding upward and rearwardinclination to that of the blade, a shank connecting the blade and themoldboard, and a triangular plate secured to the bottom of the saidblade and extending rearward of said blade.

8. In a plow a reversible share comprising a blade having a wide cuttingedge, the side edges of said blade being inclined rearward in directionof a central point at the rear of the blade, the body of the blade beingupwardly and .rearwardly curved, a moldboard connected with the bladeand having a corresponding upward and rearward curvature, a shankconnecting the moldboard and the blade, a flat triangular plate securedat its wider end to the bottom portion of the blade, and a marginalframe for the rear portion of the said plate, provided with a sockettherein at a rear central point.

9. In a plow, a beam, an evener having end adjustment on the beam, areversible plowshare, a shank for the plowshare, controlled by the endmovement of the evener to change the horizontal inclination of theshare, and a king-bolt pivoting the said share to the beam, the saidevener being adjustable on the kingbolt and in loose engagementtherewith.

10. In a hillside -ploW, a beam, a shank mounted to turn on the beam,means for limiting the movement of the shank, and a share carried by theshank, comprising a blade tapered at its side edges and terminating atits rear in a central point, an upwardly-curved moldboard, and arearwardly-extending hori- Zontal triangularly-shaped plate, so that byturning the team and beam the plow will operate to turn the furrow overupon the one last plowed, obviating the necessity of plowing around aportion of the inclined land.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

DANIEL G. BURKHART.

Witnesses:

J. Gr. MILLER, WILL H. FAULT.

